Dermatology is the medical specialty that deals with diseases and problems of the skin. Dermatology encompasses a vast number of conditions and treatments. The field has also expanded to include a number of cosmetic procedures to enhance appearance. To understand the many facets of dermatological health, and before visiting your Austin dermatologist, you must know the basic “derm terms 101.”
Acne
Acne is a skin condition in which pores on the skin surface become irritated and undergo a light infection. The result is red, white, or black bumps which swell up with puss. These bumps are sometimes called “pimples” or “zits.” Most acne infections are temporary and can be treated with over-the-counter medication. However, moderate-to-severe or reoccurring acne infections can require professional medical attention and acne treatment.
Chemical Peels
Dermatologists often do a chemical peel as a cosmetic procedure to improve the appearance of freckles, wrinkles, sun damage or dark patches. It is a non-surgical technique in which acidic substances are applied to the surface of the skin to exfoliate the outer layers. The process can cause a sunburn-like rash or blistering for a short time afterward. This skin rejuvenation technique is very patient friendly.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery is the use of extreme cold to treat a number of skin problems. Liquid nitrogen is used for this procedure. Cryosurgery can help to remove benign skin lesions, warts, actinic keratosis and other sun-related skin problems. Sutures are not required and wounds generally heal quickly.
Cyst
A cyst is a sac filled with fluid that occurs under the surface of the skin. It may require piercing by a dermatologist to remove the fluid.
Excision
Surgical removal by cutting, as of a tumor or a portion of a structure or organ. When laser removal is not an option, dermatologist will generally choose surgical excisions as their next option, as it is very effective at removing a problem area. For most forms of advanced skin cancer, excisions are the preferred treatment.
Inflammation
Inflammation is one of the most familiar in derm terms 101. Areas of the skin may show redness, swelling, heat and sometimes pain. Inflammation can be caused by a variety of diseases including sunburn, infection, allergy and systemic problems.
Laser Treatments
Laser uses focused beams of light to treat a number of skin conditions, such as acne, acne scarring, brown spots, visible blood vessels, wrinkles, excess hair, wrinkles, large pores and tattoo removal. The dermatologist must be trained in the use of laser equipment and techniques.
Lesion
The term “lesion” is used to designate any unusual occurrence on the patients skin. It may be as simple as an area of inflammation or as complex as a tumor.
Keloid
Keloids are raised, pinkish scars that occur as an over-correction when the body attempts to repair a damaged area of skin. They can extend beyond the borders of the original injury and may require treatment.
Neoplasia
Neoplasia comes from the Greek “neo” meaning new and “plasia” meaning growth. These unusual cells may be benign or malignant and should be checked by a dermatologist to determine the treatment that is required.
Pustule
A pustule is an inflamed, pink bump on the surface of the skin that is often filled with fluid. These can become infected and may require treatment by a dermatologist.
Scars
A scar is fibrous tissue that replaces skin after an injury. While they are a natural part of the healing process, they are formed with a randomized protein (collagen) fiber composition that differs from normal skin, and thus has the potential to leave visible marks depending on the severity of the injury. There are three main forms of scarring: Hypertrophic (most common), Keloid, and Atrophic; the main differences coming from the physical makeup of the scaring and the skin complexion of the individual. Each type requires a different kind of scar treatment.
